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Roman Empire AR Antoninianus AEMILIANUS (AEMILIAN), juli-oct.253 - (Antoninian), Antiochia (July/August 253) - UNPUBLISHED IN THE RELEVANT REFERENCE LITERA preserved coin with fine details.
Munthandel G.Henzen 
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preserved coin with fine details. | Afkortingen
21,00 mm
weight 2,92gr. | silver Ø 21mm.
obv. Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP AEMILIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
rev. Virtus standing left, holding laurel-branch and spear VIRTVS AVGG
Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus was born round 207 AD at Girba (modern Djerba, an island off the coast of Tunisia) in the Roman province of Africa. He was a Moor. Aemilian married Cornelia Supera, a woman of African origin the year of their marriage is unknown, but since both were from the same place, it is possible they married before Aemilian left Africa. During the reign of Trebonianus Gallus and his son Volusianus (251–253), Aemilian was sent to the Balkans to command an army. His primary responsibility was to assure peace along the Danube frontier, which had been subject to several attacks by the Goths led by king Cniva. Because Trebonianus Gallus signed humiliating treaties in 251 with the Goths, he was not popular with the army. Because of this Aemilian was already envious of Gallus and plotted treachery against him. In 253, the Goths, led by king Cniva, claimed they had not received the tribute due from the Romans according to the treaty of 251. They crossed the border and attacked Cappadocia, Pessinus, and Ephesus. Aemilian had command of the army assigned to defend the area, but the recent defeat at the Battle of Abrittus put his troops on edge. Aemilian exhorted them, reminding them of Roman honor and promising tribute from the Goths. The Romans took the Goths by surprise, killing most of them, followed by an invasion of Goth territory resulting in booty and the liberation of prisoners. The Roman soldiers, gathered by Aemilian, acclaimed him Emperor. He then moved quickly to Italy, where he defeated Emperor Trebonianus Gallus at the Battle of Interamna Nahars (a town in Umbria at the Via Flaminia) in August 253. Trebonianus Gallus and his son Volusianus were murdered by their own gards. Aemilian continued towards Rome. The Roman senate, after a short opposition, decided to recognize him as emperor. Aemilian received the titles of Pius, Felix and Pater Patriae, the tribunicia potestas, and was elevated to the rank of pontifex maximus. However, Valerian, governor of the Rhine provinces, was on his way south with an army. Emperor Aemilian′s men, fearful of a civil war and Valerian′s larger force, mutinied. They killed Aemilian at Spoletium or at the Sanguinarium bridge, between Oriculum and Narnia (halfway between Spoletium and Rome), and recognized Valerian as the new emperor. After Aemilian′s death, which happened probably mid-October, a damnatio memoriae (condemnation of memory) against him was declared. Aemilianus had been Roman Emperor for less then three months.
For a long time it was believed that Antiochia was captured and sacked in 253 AD by Shapur of Persia. For that reason it was believed that no minting occurred at the mint of Antiochia in 253 AD. This coin indicates that this idea should be considered as to be not be true. The metal and style obvious indicates that it was minted in Antiochia, and that the mint of Antiochia still was active in July/August 253 AD. As this coin is the only known specimen from the mint of Antiochia for Aemilianus, the production however must have been very limited. Probably it was minted shortly before the mint was moved to Emesa.The type with Virtus on the reverse is known for Aemilianus from the Rome mint (Cohen 60 | RIC 12). That Virtus however has his right foot on a helmet and the legend is VIRTVS AVG. This coin shows us a Virtus with his both feet placed on the ground and with the legend VIRTVS AVGG. The double GG in AVGG could indicate that there were two emperors in power, Trebonianus Gallus and usurpator Aemilianus, at the time the coin was struck, so probably in July/August 253 AD.
We know from studies (from Alföldi) that the mint of Antiochia was moved to Emesa in 253 AD, but not for the reason that it was captured and sacked by the Persians. The reason probably was that Antiochia was only threathened to be attacked by the Persians. From a letter of Dionysios of Alexandria addressed to Pope Stephan I (12 may 254 AD - 2 August 257 AD), preserved by Eusebius, we know that at that time Demetrianus was active in Antioch as bishop. This could never be the case if the city was taken by the Persians in 253 AD, who would certainly carry the bishop into captivity. It is likely to believe that the mint of Antiochia was moved to Emesa in August/September 253 AD, and it was re-established in Antiochia in 254 AD, when coins were minted there in name of Valerianus I. We know that the city of Dura-Europos was captured by the Persians in 256 AD, and it it much more likely that Antiochia was taken shortly after, in that same year or the year after.
Cohen- | RIC- | Sear- | Hunter- R4
Not published in all important reference literature and
of great numismatic and historical importance.
Some very minor roughness on the reverse but overall a wonderful
preserved coin with fine details.
xf-
obv. Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP AEMILIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
rev. Virtus standing left, holding laurel-branch and spear VIRTVS AVGG
Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus was born round 207 AD at Girba (modern Djerba, an island off the coast of Tunisia) in the Roman province of Africa. He was a Moor. Aemilian married Cornelia Supera, a woman of African origin the year of their marriage is unknown, but since both were from the same place, it is possible they married before Aemilian left Africa. During the reign of Trebonianus Gallus and his son Volusianus (251–253), Aemilian was sent to the Balkans to command an army. His primary responsibility was to assure peace along the Danube frontier, which had been subject to several attacks by the Goths led by king Cniva. Because Trebonianus Gallus signed humiliating treaties in 251 with the Goths, he was not popular with the army. Because of this Aemilian was already envious of Gallus and plotted treachery against him. In 253, the Goths, led by king Cniva, claimed they had not received the tribute due from the Romans according to the treaty of 251. They crossed the border and attacked Cappadocia, Pessinus, and Ephesus. Aemilian had command of the army assigned to defend the area, but the recent defeat at the Battle of Abrittus put his troops on edge. Aemilian exhorted them, reminding them of Roman honor and promising tribute from the Goths. The Romans took the Goths by surprise, killing most of them, followed by an invasion of Goth territory resulting in booty and the liberation of prisoners. The Roman soldiers, gathered by Aemilian, acclaimed him Emperor. He then moved quickly to Italy, where he defeated Emperor Trebonianus Gallus at the Battle of Interamna Nahars (a town in Umbria at the Via Flaminia) in August 253. Trebonianus Gallus and his son Volusianus were murdered by their own gards. Aemilian continued towards Rome. The Roman senate, after a short opposition, decided to recognize him as emperor. Aemilian received the titles of Pius, Felix and Pater Patriae, the tribunicia potestas, and was elevated to the rank of pontifex maximus. However, Valerian, governor of the Rhine provinces, was on his way south with an army. Emperor Aemilian′s men, fearful of a civil war and Valerian′s larger force, mutinied. They killed Aemilian at Spoletium or at the Sanguinarium bridge, between Oriculum and Narnia (halfway between Spoletium and Rome), and recognized Valerian as the new emperor. After Aemilian′s death, which happened probably mid-October, a damnatio memoriae (condemnation of memory) against him was declared. Aemilianus had been Roman Emperor for less then three months.
For a long time it was believed that Antiochia was captured and sacked in 253 AD by Shapur of Persia. For that reason it was believed that no minting occurred at the mint of Antiochia in 253 AD. This coin indicates that this idea should be considered as to be not be true. The metal and style obvious indicates that it was minted in Antiochia, and that the mint of Antiochia still was active in July/August 253 AD. As this coin is the only known specimen from the mint of Antiochia for Aemilianus, the production however must have been very limited. Probably it was minted shortly before the mint was moved to Emesa.The type with Virtus on the reverse is known for Aemilianus from the Rome mint (Cohen 60 | RIC 12). That Virtus however has his right foot on a helmet and the legend is VIRTVS AVG. This coin shows us a Virtus with his both feet placed on the ground and with the legend VIRTVS AVGG. The double GG in AVGG could indicate that there were two emperors in power, Trebonianus Gallus and usurpator Aemilianus, at the time the coin was struck, so probably in July/August 253 AD.
We know from studies (from Alföldi) that the mint of Antiochia was moved to Emesa in 253 AD, but not for the reason that it was captured and sacked by the Persians. The reason probably was that Antiochia was only threathened to be attacked by the Persians. From a letter of Dionysios of Alexandria addressed to Pope Stephan I (12 may 254 AD - 2 August 257 AD), preserved by Eusebius, we know that at that time Demetrianus was active in Antioch as bishop. This could never be the case if the city was taken by the Persians in 253 AD, who would certainly carry the bishop into captivity. It is likely to believe that the mint of Antiochia was moved to Emesa in August/September 253 AD, and it was re-established in Antiochia in 254 AD, when coins were minted there in name of Valerianus I. We know that the city of Dura-Europos was captured by the Persians in 256 AD, and it it much more likely that Antiochia was taken shortly after, in that same year or the year after.
Cohen- | RIC- | Sear- | Hunter- R4
Not published in all important reference literature and
of great numismatic and historical importance.
Some very minor roughness on the reverse but overall a wonderful
preserved coin with fine details.
xf-
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