Byzantine coins follis 613 CE Early large of Heraclius (610-641 CE), RY 3 , Constantinople, Byzantine Empire

DN hRACLI PERP AVG, plumed-helmeted, cuirassed bust facing, short beard, holding cross and shield / Large M, ANNO to left, cross above, regnal year (III = 613/614 CE) to right, officina letter gamma below. Constantinople mint. 30mm, 10.76 grams. SB 804, MIB 158.

Large coin, overstruck on an uncertain old follis. 

Heraclius (r. 610–641 CE) was one of the most important Byzantine emperors, renowned for rescuing the empire from near collapse during its war with the Sasanian Empire. After a series of brilliant campaigns, he defeated the Persians and recovered territories and relics lost during their invasions, including the True Cross from Jerusalem. However, the empire was soon confronted by the rapid expansion of the early Muslim armies, which conquered Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and other provinces during the latter part of his reign. Heraclius also introduced Greek as the principal language of imperial administration, marking the transition from the late Roman Empire to the more distinctly Byzantine state of the Middle Ages.

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