Obv: Horseman with spear to right; mintmark Mº under the horse; Б and O beside the horseman
Rev: Multi-line Cyrillic legend naming Tsar and Grand Prince Boris Fedorovich of All Russia
Russia / Moscow, Tsar Boris Fedorovich Godunov (1598–1605) Kopeck ND – A Fine Numismatic Piece
Introduction
Offered here is a silver wire kopeck of Moscow struck for Tsar Boris Fedorovich Godunov (1598–1605). It is catalogued as GKH2 169; KG 173, weighs 0.66 g, and is offered in extremely fine / extremely fine (XF/XF) condition. The mintmark Mº under the horse and the letters Б and O beside the horseman identify this Moscow issue.
Description
The obverse shows a crowned horseman charging to the right with a long spear; beneath the horse is the Moscow mintmark Mº, with the Cyrillic letters Б and O placed on either side of the horseman. The reverse carries a multi-line Old Cyrillic legend naming Boris Fedorovich as Tsar and Grand Prince of All Russia. Struck by hand on an irregular oval wire flan, as usual for Russian kopecks of this period; parts of the legend fall near or off the edge of the flan. The surfaces show light wear consistent with extremely fine condition.
Historical Context
Boris Fedorovich Godunov (c. 1552–1605) rose from the Muscovite service nobility under Ivan IV (the Terrible) and married into the inner circle of the court: his sister Irina became the wife of Tsarevich Feodor, later Tsar Feodor I. After Ivan’s death in 1584 and during Feodor’s reign (1584–1598), Boris was the real power behind the throne, directing foreign policy, fortifying the southern frontier, and strengthening the authority of Moscow over the boyars. When Feodor died without an heir in 1598, the Zemsky Sobor elected Boris Tsar of All Russia — the first ruler not of the old Rurikid dynasty to hold the title by election rather than by blood succession alone.
His short reign (1598–1605) closed the Rurikid line on the Muscovite throne and opened the Time of Troubles. Boris sought legitimacy through continuity with Ivan’s policies, through patronage of the Church, and through careful management of the service elite, while famine and social unrest in the early 1600s strained the state. Moscow remained the principal mint of the tsardom; its silver wire kopecks, struck by hand on irregular flans with the horseman and the multi-line Tsar’s title, formed the everyday currency of markets and of the state’s payments across the realm. This piece belongs to that Moscow output under Boris Godunov and reflects both the visual language of Muscovite sovereignty and the practical money of the age just before the dynastic crisis that followed his death.
Numismatic Details
Denomination: kopeck (wire kopeck). Mint: Moscow. Authority: Tsar Boris Fedorovich Godunov (1598–1605). Mintmark: Mº under the horse; letters Б and O beside the horseman. Reference: GKH2 169; KG 173. Weight: 0.66 g. Condition: extremely fine / extremely fine (XF/XF).
Cultural and Political Symbolism
The horseman with the spear — the traditional Muscovite rider that collectors associate with Saint George and with the arms of the Grand Princes of Moscow — and the dense multi-line Cyrillic title of the Tsar on the reverse proclaim the sovereignty of the Muscovite state on a small piece of silver. Under Boris Godunov that imagery carried a special weight: a ruler elected after the end of the old dynasty still spoke in the same visual language as Ivan IV and Feodor I, affirming continuity at a moment when the succession itself was new.
Conclusion
This Moscow wire kopeck of Boris Godunov, in extremely fine / extremely fine condition with clear mintmark and letters, is an attractive example of late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century Russian coinage. It will make a fine addition to any collection of Russian wire money.
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